Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) is a set of communication standards enabling simultaneous digital transmission of voice, video, and data over public switched telephone networks, transitioning telecommunications from analog to digital in the late 1980s. Utilizing B-channels for data and D-channels for signaling, ISDN provided superior speed and quality over copper lines through Basic Rate Interface (BRI) and Primary Rate Interface (PRI) configurations [1]. Though largely replaced by modern broadband and VoIP, ISDN serves as a foundational technology in digital networking [1]. Read more on the Wikipedia page for ISDN.
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